Category: Bangalore University BBA Notes

Bangalore University BBA Notes

Soft Skills for Business BU BBA 4th Semester Notes

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Unit 1 [Book]
Communication Meaning VIEW
Types of Communication (verbal-nonverbal-written) VIEW
Formal vs informal Communication VIEW
Barriers to communication VIEW
Office Communication Tools, Circulars and Memos, Samples and Templates VIEW
Email etiquette Basics VIEW
Professional vs Personal Communication VIEW
Unit 2 [Book]
Introduction, Format of Formal Letters VIEW
Letters of Enquiry with Sample VIEW
Order Letters VIEW
Letters of Complaint, Reply to Letter of Complaint VIEW
Promotional Letters VIEW
Sales Letters VIEW
Recovery Letters VIEW
Introduction, Format, Anatomy of a good e-mail, Value Points for Writing good e-mails, Writing an effective e-mail VIEW
Difference between a well drafted and Poorly structured e-mail VIEW
Unit 3 [Book]
Resume writing essentials, Chronological format, Functional format, Cover letter components VIEW
Meeting management VIEW
Agenda preparation VIEW
Minutes writing VIEW
Action reports VIEW
Case Studies of effective documents VIEW
Unit 4 [Book]
Public Speaking and Overcoming Stage fear VIEW
Negotiation Skills, Principles and Tactics VIEW
Interpersonal Communication in Teams VIEW
Cross cultural communication VIEW
Mock Negotiation and Feedback VIEW
Communication assessment and review VIEW
Bangalore University BBA Notes

Digital Entrepreneurship BU BBA 4th Semester Notes

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Unit 1 [Book]
Introduction, Meaning of Digital Entrepreneurship, Evolution from Traditional to Digital Business, Objectives VIEW
Startup Ecosystem VIEW
Meaning and Definition of Startup VIEW
Functions of Digital Ventures, Role in Digital Economy VIEW
Digital Business Planning Steps VIEW
Principles of Digital Business Models VIEW
Factors Affecting Digital Ventures (Regulatory, Technological, Market) VIEW
Unit 2 [Book]
Introduction, Meaning of Digital Business VIEW
Digital Business Models Types:
B2B VIEW
B2C VIEW
C2C VIEW
SaaS Business Models VIEW
Subscription Business Models VIEW
Freemium Business Models VIEW
Digital Revenue Streams (Ads, Affiliate, Subscriptions) VIEW
Digital Platform Models (Amazon, Uber, Swiggy) VIEW
Lean Startup Methodology VIEW
Minimum Viable Product (MVP) VIEW
E-Commerce Future VIEW
Valuation of Digital Marketplaces VIEW
Customer Acquisition Cost vs Lifetime Value Problems VIEW
Unit 3 [Book]
Introduction, Meaning of Digital Marketing VIEW
Digital Marketing Tools:
SEO VIEW
SEM VIEW
Social Media Marketing VIEW
Email Marketing VIEW
Influencer Marketing VIEW
Growth Hacking VIEW
Payment Gateways VIEW
Payment Logistics VIEW
Customer Retention VIEW
Viral Campaign Case Studies VIEW
Viral Campaign Metrics (CTR, Conversion Rates, ROI) VIEW
Digital Marketing Funnel VIEW
Challenges of Ad Budget VIEW
Unit 4 [Book]
Introduction, Funding VIEW
Funding Sources:
Bootstrapping VIEW
Angel Investors VIEW
VC VIEW
Crowdfunding VIEW
Business Pitching, Elevator Pitch VIEW
Business Plan VIEW
Legal Compliances:
GST VIEW
IT Act 2000 VIEW
Data Privacy VIEW
Intellectual Property: VIEW
Trademarks VIEW
Copyrights VIEW
Patents VIEW
Contract Management VIEW
Startup Failure Case Studies VIEW
Unit 5 Emerging Trends: [Book]
AI in Entrepreneurship VIEW
Blockchain in Entrepreneurship VIEW
IoT in Entrepreneurship VIEW
Gig Economy VIEW
Freelancing VIEW
Cybersecurity Risks (Phishing, Data Breaches) VIEW
Future of Digital Entrepreneurship in India VIEW
Bangalore University BBA Notes

Fundamentals of Costing BU BBA 4th Semester Notes

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Unit 1 [Book]
Meaning and Definition of Cost, Costing VIEW
Features, Objectives, Functions, Scope, Advantages and Limitations of Cost Accounting VIEW
Installation of Costing System VIEW
Essentials of a good Cost Accounting System VIEW
Difference between Cost Accounting and Financial Accounting VIEW
Cost Concepts, Classification of Cost VIEW
Methods and Techniques of Cost Accounting VIEW
Marginal costing and Absorption Costing VIEW
List of Cost Accounting Standards (CAS 1 to CAS 24) VIEW
Classification of Cost VIEW
Elements of Cost VIEW
Cost Sheet VIEW
Presentation of Costing Information in Cost Sheet VIEW
Unit 2 [Book]
Materials: Meaning, Importance and Types of Materials, Direct and Indirect Material VIEW
Materials Control VIEW
Inventory Control VIEW
Material Storage VIEW
Techniques of Inventory Control:
Stock Levels VIEW
Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) VIEW
ABC Analysis VIEW
VED Analysis VIEW
JIT VIEW
Tender and Quotation making and analysis VIEW
Procedure for procurement of Materials, Documentation Involved in Materials Accounting, Invoice, Delivery Challans VIEW
Introduction to E-Procurement, GEM Portal VIEW
CPP (Central Public Procurement) VIEW
e-proc.Karnataka.gov.in VIEW
Debit Note, Credit Note VIEW
Pricing of Material Issues: VIEW
FIFO VIEW
Weighted Average Price and Standard price Methods VIEW
Duties of Store keeper VIEW
Unit 3 [Book]
Introduction Employee Cost / Labour Cost, Types of Labour Cost VIEW
Labour Cost Control VIEW
Time Keeping, Time Booking VIEW
Pay roll Procedure VIEW
Preparation of Pay roll VIEW
Idle Time, Causes, Treatment of Normal and Abnormal Idle Time VIEW
Over Time Causes and Treatment VIEW
Labour Turnover Meaning, Causes VIEW
Effects and Measures Labour Cost Reporting VIEW
Methods of Wage Payment: Time Rate System and Piece Rate System VIEW
Incentive Schemes: Halsey Plan, Rowan Plan VIEW
Labour Hourly Rate VIEW
illustrations on Wage Payment methods and Incentive plans VIEW
Unit 4 [Book]
Introduction, Meaning and Classification of Overheads VIEW
Accounting and Control of Manufacturing Overheads, Estimation and Collection VIEW
Cost Allocation VIEW
Apportionment VIEW
Re-apportionment VIEW
Absorption of Manufacturing Overheads VIEW
Absorption of Service Overheads VIEW
Treatment of Over and Under absorption of Overheads VIEW
Methods of Absorption:
Machine Hour Rate VIEW
Distribution of Overheads VIEW
Types of Distribution: Primary and Secondary Distribution VIEW
Repeated & Simultaneous Equation method VIEW
Reporting of Overhead Costs VIEW
Statement of Overhead Distribution Summary VIEW
Unit 5 [Book]
Reasons for differences in Profit /Loss shown by Cost Accounts and Profit/ Loss shown by Financial Accounts VIEW
Preparation of Reconciliation Statement VIEW
Memorandum Reconciliation Account VIEW
Bangalore University BBA Notes

Supply Chain and Logistics BU BBA 3rd Semester SEP Notes

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Unit 1 [Book]
Introduction Meaning of Supply Chain, Objectives of SCM VIEW
Evolution of SCM VIEW
Components of Supply Chain (Suppliers, Manufacturers, Distributors, Retailers) VIEW
Functions of SCM (Planning, Sourcing, Production, Delivery) VIEW
Role of Logistics Manager VIEW
Types of Supply Chains (Lean, Agile, Hybrid) VIEW
Challenges in Modern SCM (Globalization, Sustainability) VIEW
Unit 2 [Book]
Logistics, Introduction, Meaning and Definition, Importance VIEW
Logistics Modes of Transportation (Road, Rail, Air, Sea) VIEW
Logistics Cost Analysis VIEW
Warehousing, Types and Functions VIEW
Inventory Management VIEW
Reverse Logistics VIEW
Third-Party Logistics (3PL) VIEW
Problems on Transportation Cost Optimization VIEW
Unit 3 [Book]
Introduction, Meaning of Inventory, Types (Raw Materials, WIP, Finished Goods) VIEW
EOQ Model VIEW
ABC Analysis VIEW
VED Analysis VIEW
JIT Inventory VIEW
Procurement Process VIEW
Vendor Selection Criteria VIEW
Green Procurement VIEW
Problems on EOQ and Reorder Level VIEW
Unit 4 [Book]
SCM Technologies VIEW
ERP Systems VIEW
RFID in SCM VIEW
IoT in SCM VIEW
Blockchain for Transparency VIEW
AI in Demand Forecasting VIEW
Big Data Analytics VIEW
Digital Twins VIEW
Problems on Demand Forecasting (Moving Averages, Exponential Smoothing) VIEW
Unit 5 [Book]
Global SCM Introduction VIEW
Incoterms 2020 VIEW
Cross-Border Documentation VIEW
Risks in Global SCM VIEW
Trade Compliance VIEW
Apple Global Supply Chain Case Study VIEW
Excel Utility:
Design a Supplier Comparison Dashboard VIEW
EOQ Calculator with Safety Stock VIEW
Transportation Cost Matrix VIEW
Inventory Turnover Ratio Analysis VIEW
Bangalore University BBA Notes

Indian Financial System BU BBA 3rd Semester SEP Notes

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Unit 1 [Book]
Meaning, Functions of Financial System VIEW
Structure of Financial System VIEW
Financial Markets: VIEW
Money Market VIEW
Capital Market VIEW
Forex Market VIEW
Financial Institutions:
Banks VIEW
NBFCs VIEW
Asset Management Company (AMC) VIEW
Financial Instruments: VIEW
T-Bills VIEW
Commercial Papers VIEW
Derivatives VIEW
Delivery and Non-Delivery contracts in Capital market VIEW
Regulatory Bodies:
RBI VIEW
SEBI VIEW
IRDAI VIEW
PFRDA VIEW
Impact of Digital Rupee (e) on Traditional Banking VIEW
Rise of Fintech VIEW
Rise of Shadow Banking VIEW
Case Study: Paytm Payments Bank Transition VIEW
Unit 2 [Book]
Money Market Meaning, Instruments (Call Money, T-Bills, CPs, CDs), Participants VIEW
Capital Market VIEW
Primary Market VIEW
Secondary Market VIEW
Stock Exchanges (NSE, BSE) VIEW
SEBI Regulations VIEW
Recent Reforms (T+1 Settlement, ASBA) VIEW
Adani-Hindenburg Case: Market Volatility and SEBI’s Role VIEW
IPO Boom in India (2021-2023) VIEW
Unit 3 [Book]
Banking System Structure VIEW
Commercial Banks VIEW
RRBs VIEW
Payment Banks VIEW
RBI’s Monetary Policy Tools (Repo Rate, Reverse Repo Rate, CRR, SLR) VIEW
Income Recognition and Asset Classification (Standard- Sub-Standard-Doubtful and Loss Assets) VIEW
Punjab and Maharashtra Cooperative Bank (PMC) Crisis VIEW
NBFCs, Types, Regulations VIEW
NBFCs Role in Financial Inclusion VIEW
Neo-Banks vs Traditional Banks ( Fi vs SBI) VIEW
Unit 4 Regulators [Book]
RBI VIEW
SEBI VIEW
IRDAI VIEW
PFRD Functions & Recent Interventions VIEW
Insurance Sector: VIEW
Life Insurance VIEW
General Insurance VIEW
ULIPs VIEW
Micro insurance VIEW
Deposit Insurance Reforms VIEW
Deposit Insurance & Credit Guarantee Corporation (DICGC) VIEW
Pension System:
NPS VIEW
Atal Pension Yojana VIEW
LIC IPO VIEW
Disinvestment Policy VIEW
IRDAI Bima Sugam VIEW
Unit 5 [Book]
Emerging Trends Green Finance VIEW
Sustainable Bonds VIEW
AI in Fraud Detection VIEW
CBDCs VIEW
Challenges:
NPAs VIEW
Cyber security Risks VIEW
Crypto Regulation VIEW
Bangalore University BBA Notes

Quantitative Techniques for Business Decisions BU BBA SEP Notes

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Bangalore University BBA Notes

Quantitative Analysis for Business Decisions BU BBA SEP Notes

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Unit 1 [Book]
Introduction, Meaning, Definitions, Features, Objectives, Functions, Importance and Limitations of Statistics VIEW
Important Terminologies in Statistics: Data, Raw Data, Primary Data, Secondary Data, Population, Census, Survey, Sample Survey, Sampling, Parameter, Unit, Variable, Attribute, Frequency, Seriation, Individual, Discrete and Continuous VIEW
Classification of Data VIEW
Requisites of Good Classification of Data VIEW
Types of Classification Quantitative and Qualitative Classification VIEW
Unit 2 [Book]
Types of Presentation of Data Textual Presentation VIEW
Tabular Presentation VIEW
One-way Table VIEW
Important Terminologies: Variable, Quantitative Variable, Qualitative Variable, Discrete Variable, Continuous Variable, Dependent Variable, Independent Variable, Frequency, Class Interval, Tally Bar VIEW
Diagrammatic and Graphical Presentation, Rules for Construction of Diagrams and Graphs VIEW
Types of Diagrams: One Dimensional Simple Bar Diagram, Sub-divided Bar Diagram, Multiple Bar Diagram, Percentage Bar Diagram Two-Dimensional Diagram Pie Chart, Graphs VIEW
Unit 3 [Book]
Meaning and Objectives of Measures of Tendency, Definition of Central Tendency VIEW
Requisites of an Ideal Average VIEW
Types of Averages, Arithmetic Mean, Median, Mode (Direct method only) VIEW
Empirical Relation between Mean, Median and Mode VIEW
Graphical Representation of Median & Mode VIEW
Ogive Curves VIEW
Histogram VIEW
Meaning of Dispersion VIEW
Standard Deviation, Co-efficient of Variation-Problems VIEW
Unit 4 [Book]
Significance of Measuring Variation, Properties of Good Variation VIEW
Methods of Studying Variation-Absolute and Relative Measure of Variation VIEW
Standard Deviation VIEW
Co-efficient of Variation VIEW
Skewness, Introduction VIEW
Differences between Variation and Skewness VIEW
Measures of Skewness VIEW
Karl Pearson’s Co-efficient of Skewness VIEW
Unit 5 [Book]
Introduction, Uses of Index Number VIEW
Classification of Index Numbers VIEW
Methods of Constructing Index Numbers VIEW
Un-weighted Index Numbers VIEW
Simple Aggregative Method, Simple Average Relative Method, Weighted Index Numbers, Weighted Aggregative Index numbers VIEW
Fishers Ideal Index number VIEW
Test of Perfection: Time Reversal Test, Factor Reversal Test VIEW
Weighted Average of Relative Index Numbers VIEW
Bangalore University BBA Notes

Human Resource Management 4th Semester BU BBA SEP 2024-25 Notes

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Unit 1 [Book]
HRM Introduction, Meaning and Definition, Objectives VIEW
Evolution of HRM VIEW
Personnel Management to Strategic HR VIEW
Functions of HRM VIEW
Managerial Functions:
Planning VIEW
Organizing VIEW
Operational Functions:
Recruitment VIEW
Training VIEW
HR Policies VIEW
HR Procedures VIEW
HRM vs HRD: Key Differences VIEW
Importance of HRM in Modern Organizations VIEW
Unit 2 [Book]
Human Resource Planning, Meaning and Process VIEW
Demand Forecasting Techniques VIEW
Supply Forecasting Techniques VIEW
Job Analysis Meaning VIEW
Job Analysis Methods (Questionnaires, Interviews) VIEW
Job Description vs Job Specification VIEW
Traditional Methods: Time-and-Motion Studies VIEW
Modern Trends:
AI in Workforce Planning VIEW
Challenges in HR Planning VIEW
Unit 3 [Book]  
Recruitment VIEW
External and Internal Sources of Recruiting Merits and Demerits VIEW
Selection Process: Steps from Screening to Appointment VIEW
Traditional Tools: Interviews, Reference Checks VIEW
Modern Tools: AI-Based Screening, Psychometric Tests VIEW
Legal Aspects of HRM VIEW
Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) VIEW
Barriers to Effective Selection VIEW
Difference Between Recruitment and Selection VIEW
Unit 4 [Book]
Training and Development, Meaning and Objectives VIEW
Methods of Training:
On-the-Job Training VIEW
Off-the-Job Training VIEW
Performance Appraisal VIEW
Performance Appraisal Methods (Graphic Rating Scales, 360-Degree Feedback) VIEW
Traditional vs Modern Appraisal Techniques VIEW
Challenges in Performance Management VIEW
Bias in Appraisals VIEW
Unit 5 [Book]
Compensation Management, Meaning and Components (Salary, Incentives) VIEW
Employee Welfare: Statutory and Non-Statutory Measures: VIEW
Work-Life Balance VIEW
Flexible Work Arrangements VIEW
Grievance Handling VIEW
Grievance Handling: Traditional Methods vs Digital Methods VIEW
Future Trends:
Gig Economy VIEW
Automation in HR VIEW
Employee Analytics VIEW
Ethical Issues in HRM VIEW
Bangalore University BBA Notes

Business Research Methodology 4th Semester BU BBA SEP 2024-25 Notes

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Unit 1 [Book]
Introduction, Meaning, Definition, Importance and Objective of Research VIEW
Meaning, Characteristics and Scope of Business Research VIEW
Types of Research:
Exploratory Research VIEW
Descriptive Research VIEW
Casual Research VIEW
Qualitative and Quantitative Research VIEW
Applied and Basic Research VIEW
Research approaches (Induction and Deduction) VIEW
Ethical issues in Research VIEW
Steps in Research Process VIEW
Research Problem formulation, Criteria of Good Research Problem, Sources of Problems VIEW
Selection and Definition of Research Objectives VIEW
Unit 2 [Book]
Meaning, Importance and Purpose of Literature Review VIEW
Types of Literature Review (Narrative review, Systematic review, Meta-analysis, Scoping review) VIEW
Sources of Literature (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Digital Sources) VIEW
Steps in Conducting Literature Review VIEW
Analyzing and Synthesizing the Literature VIEW
Writing the Literature Review VIEW
List of AI Tools used for Literature Review VIEW
Benefits of AI Tools in Literature Review VIEW
Research gaps and its Types (Concepts only) VIEW
Unit 3 [Book]
Meaning and Components, Objectives, Problems of Research Design VIEW
Variables, Meaning, Types of Variables (Dependent, Independent, Control, Mediating, Moderating, Extraneous, Numerical and Categorical Variables) VIEW
Types of Research Design:
Exploratory Research VIEW
Descriptive Research VIEW
Causal Research VIEW
Components of Research Design VIEW
Meaning of Variable, Types of Variables (Dependent, Independent, Discrete, Continuous, Extraneous Control, Mediating, Moderating, Numerical, Categorical) VIEW
Sampling: Meaning, Sampling Frame, Sampling Error, Sample size, Characteristics of a good Sample VIEW
Types of Sampling: Probability and Non-Probability VIEW
Sampling and Non sampling errors VIEW
Hypotheses Formulation, Meaning, Characteristics of Hypothesis Basics concepts relating to hypothesis testing, Types VIEW
Unit 4 [Book]
Data Collection: Meaning, Data Collection Techniques VIEW
Primary and Secondary Data: Meaning, Sources, and Differences VIEW
Methods of Primary Data Collection: Observation, Interview, Questionnaire, and Survey VIEW
Methods of Secondary Data Collection (Existing datasets, Literature, reports, Journals) VIEW
Secondary Data Collection Government Portals (MOSPI, RBI, SEBI) VIEW
Secondary Data Collection Reports (CMIE, ASSOCHAM, FICCI), Journals, News Archives VIEW
Errors in Data Collection VIEW
AI-Powered Tools for Data Collection: Chatbots and Smart Surveys, Google Forms, Typeform, KoboToolbox VIEW
Hypothesis Testing: Steps involved in testing of hypothesis- Level of significance- Chi Square Test- T-Test- Z-Test- Using Excel/SPSS. VIEW
Unit 5 [Book]
Meaning, Steps in data analysis VIEW
Classification and Tabulation (Concepts only) VIEW
Types of Data Analysis: Descriptive, Inferential, Qualitative, Quantitative VIEW
Basic descriptive tools in Excel or SPSS:
Mean VIEW
Median VIEW
Mode VIEW
Standard Deviation VIEW
Graphical Representations using Excel/SPSS Bar Charts, Pie Charts, Histograms VIEW
Introduction to AI tools for analysis: ChatGPT (for qualitative summaries), MonkeyLearn, Orange Data Mining VIEW
Report Writing, Meaning and Purpose of Report Writing VIEW
Types of Research Reports VIEW
Report Sections: Abstract, Introduction, Methodology, Data Analysis, Conclusion VIEW
Writing Bibliography: APA and MLA format Bibliography VIEW
Bangalore University BBA Notes

Production and Operation Management 4th Semester BU BBA SEP 2024-25 Notes

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Unit 1 [Book]
Nature of Production VIEW
Production as a System VIEW
Production as an Organization function VIEW
Decision-making in Production VIEW
Importance of Production function VIEW
Scope of Production and Operations Management VIEW
Characteristics of Modem Production and Operations function VIEW
JIT Significance and Concepts VIEW
Unit 2 [Book]
Factors influencing choice of Manufacturing methods VIEW
Classification of Manufacturing Methods:
Project Production VIEW
Jobbing Production VIEW
Batch Production VIEW
Mass Production VIEW
Flow Production, Characteristics, Limitations VIEW
Process Production, Characteristics, Limitations VIEW
Unit 3 [Book]
Plant Location, Factors affecting Location VIEW
Plant Layout, Principles VIEW
Types of Plant Layout: Process Layout, Product layout, Combined Layout, Static product Layout or Project layout, Cellular layout, Job shop Layout VIEW
Different types of Facilities; Building, Sanitation, Lighting, Air Conditioning, Safety etc. VIEW
Unit 4 [Book]
Purchasing VIEW
Selection of Suppliers VIEW
Inventory Management VIEW
Material handling Principles and Practices VIEW
Inventory Control VIEW
Value Analysis VIEW
Value engineering VIEW
Ergonomics VIEW
Cost reduction Techniques in Material Management VIEW
Unit 5 [Book]
Production Planning and Control (PPC), Objectives, Principles VIEW
Functions of Production Planning and Control Department VIEW
Quality Management VIEW
Quality Control Statistical quality control VIEW
Quality circle VIEW
ISO VIEW
TQM VIEW
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