by Finding the maximum and minimum elements in an array is a common problem in programming.
Let’s start by outlining the steps to find the maximum and minimum elements in an array:
- Initialize two variables, max and min, to represent the maximum and minimum elements, respectively.
- Iterate through the array elements.
- For each element, compare it with the current maximum and minimum values.
- Update the maximum and minimum values if necessary.
- After iterating through all elements, max and min will hold the maximum and minimum elements of the array, respectively.
Here’s how we can implement this in C++:
#include <iostream>
#include <climits> // for INT_MAX and INT_MIN
using namespace std;
// Function to find the maximum and minimum elements in an array
void findMaxMin(int arr[], int size, int& max, int& min) {
max = INT_MIN; // Initialize max to the smallest possible integer value
min = INT_MAX; // Initialize min to the largest possible integer value
// Iterate through the array elements
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
// Update max if the current element is greater
if (arr[i] > max) {
max = arr[i];
}
// Update min if the current element is smaller
if (arr[i] < min) {
min = arr[i];
}
}
}
int main() {
int arr[] = {3, 5, 2, 7, 9, 1, 4}; // Sample array
int size = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]); // Calculate the size of the array
int max, min; // Variables to store the maximum and minimum elements
// Find the maximum and minimum elements in the array
findMaxMin(arr, size, max, min);
// Print the maximum and minimum elements
cout << “Maximum element: ” << max << endl;
cout << “Minimum element: ” << min << endl;
return 0;
}
In this code:
- We define a function findMaxMin that takes an array arr, its size size, and two references to integers max and min.
- We initialize max to the smallest possible integer value using INT_MIN and min to the largest possible integer value using INT_MAX.
- We iterate through each element of the array and update max and min accordingly.
- In the main function, we initialize a sample array, call findMaxMin to find the maximum and minimum elements, and then print the results.
